Coming On Strong Gender And Sexuality Essay - 1875 Words

Women are empowered, encouraged and even pressured into being involved in a sport or some type of fitness activities today; however, it hasn’t always been that way (Cahn 278). In the 1920s, also known as the â€Å"golden age† of sports, women and young girls faced obstacles such as rejection, gender discrimination, and stereotypes when showing interest in sports or fitness activities. One famous author named Susan Cahn, wrote a book called Coming on Strong: Gender and Sexuality in Twentieth-Century Women’s Sports, and focuses on the decades between the 1920s and the 1960s. For most of the 19th century, females were accused of causing a great deal of danger to the moral and physical areas of masculinity. Through the research of multiple different aspects, such as media, appearance, and gender roles, Cahn puts together an idea and theme that athleticism is seen as a masculine trait because it was once constructed by society itself; which fortunately for the women, that idea can be changed. In the later centuries, Cahn writes about the progress of woman s appearance in sports, however then describes the difference in respect, attention throughout media, opportunities and wages between men and women. Through both primary sources such as newspapers, interviews, and journals, as well as secondary sources like relevant literature, Cahn writes her book in a historical non-fiction genre. After reading Coming on Strong: Gender and Sexuality in Twentieth-Century Women’s Sports by SusanShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Allen Ginsberg s Howl And 1661 Words   |  7 Pageshis differences, which contributes to strange and prohibited behaviours. 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Essay on James Joyces Araby - 1177 Words

James Joyce was an Irish born author whose descriptions of the mundane life in his hometown of Dublin led to a collection of short stories that include some of the most widely read pieces of British literature. This collection known as the â€Å"Dubliners† contains 15 short stories that each centers around a different group of characters and reveals a new theme about life in the city. In Joyces Araby, part of the â€Å"Dubliners† collection, a young and nameless narrator becomes enamored with his friend Mangan’s sister and attempts to win her affections by bringing a gift to her from the bazar that has come into town. The narrator hopes that his visit to the Araby bazaar will not only win her heart but give him some sense of fulfillment as well.†¦show more content†¦The sentences following this initial description describe the brownness of the narrator’s environment; the brown houses, the brown papers in his home, the girl’s brown skin and so on. The color brown has a sense of plainness associated with it and therefore its use in these descriptions is meant to reinforce the mundane aspects of the narrator’s world. Although some initial descriptions of the girl include the color brown, most other depictions of her involve some light playing off her hair or her body in way that suggests the narrator views her as his once chance to obtain something light and beautiful in his life; â€Å"the light from the lamp opposite our door caught the white curve of her neck, lit up her hair that rested there and, falling, lit up the hand upon the railing† (Joyce). Through the narrator’s thoughts, it is revealed that he believes his surroundings are perpetually inadequate and are obstructing the possibility of a more exciting or colorful life. For example, the day he is supposed to go the bazaar everything seems prolong his journey: a long day at school, the lateness of his uncle, and the busyness of the train to the bazaar. 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Lastly he realizes that he has failed and nowRead MoreJames Joyces Araby Essay1199 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tragedy of Araby nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In James Joyce’s Araby, a young boy finds himself in love with an older girl. The girl, Mangan’s sister, refuses to love him back and instead ignores him. This crushes the boy and makes his hunger for her even more stronger. He sometimes finds himself hopelessly alone in the darkness thinking about her, awaiting for the day she would recognize his devotion to her. â€Å" At night in my bedroom†¦her image came betweenRead MoreEssay on James Joyces Araby1128 Words   |  5 PagesJames Joyces Araby   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Passion, adolescence, foolishness, and maturity are the first words that come to one’s mind to describe James Joyce’s short story, â€Å"Araby.† In it, he writes about a boy who falls deeply in love with his best friend’s sister, who through the story, doesn’t seem to notice him or care about him. The boy, who has yet to be named, lives in a poor and run-down town. During the story, certain characters contribute to the boy’s developing sense of maturity, and eventuallyRead MoreEssay on James Joyces Araby3507 Words   |  15 PagesJames Joyces Araby I doubt there are book logs that commence with a note directing a reader, specifically you, even though I get the impression from Mr. Little to whom riding between pairs of glasses suggesting that in order to gather a bounty against my beloved head I must be obliged to fathoming on how to receive topic sentences with cradling arms and craters of dimples (have to love formalities, even of those lolling head-stumps, after all, it keeps NATO all triteRead MoreEssay on James Joyces Araby - Setting in Araby1597 Words   |  7 PagesSetting in James Joyces Araby  Ã‚   In the opening paragraphs of James Joyces short story, Araby, the setting takes center stage to the narrator. Joyce tends carefully to the exquisite detail of personifying his setting, so that the narrators emotions may be enhanced. To create a genuine sense of mood, and reality, Joyce uses many techniques such as first person narration, style of prose, imagery, and most of all setting. The setting of a short story is vital to the development of characterRead MoreThemes in James Joyces Araby Essay667 Words   |  3 Pages In the story of, Araby James Joyce concentrated on three main themes that will explain the purpose of the narrative. The story unfolded on North Richmond Street, which is a street composed of two rows of houses, in a desolated neighborhood. Despite the dreary surroundings of dark muddy lanes and ash pits the boy tried to find evidence of love and beauty in his surroundings. 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Usually a short story concentrates on a few characters- rarely more than three major ones. The story revolves around a single, dramatic incident which typifies the characters’ reactions. Length varies from 1,000 to about 5,000 words.† With these characteristics in mind, then we are going to examine James Joyce’s short story Araby   inRead MoreEssay James Joyces Araby and Eveline1061 Words   |  5 PagesJames Joyces Araby and Eveline In Araby and Eveline Joyce uses religious symbols to show the importance of the Catholic religion in both of the main characters lives. Both of these stories take place in Dublin, Ireland, a place that is very strong in its belief in the Catholic religion. In Araby, the imagery of the infamous Fall is presented to the reader within the second paragraph to indicate its importance. The themes of religious masses can be found in Eveline. The conceptRead MoreEssay on James Joyces Araby - The Ironic Narrator of Araby895 Words   |  4 Pages The Ironic Narrator of nbsp;Arabynbsp; nbsp; Although James Joyces story Araby is told from the first per-son viewpoint of its young protagonist, we do not receive the impression that a boy tells the story. Instead, the narrator seems to be a man matured well beyond the experience of the story. The mature man reminisces about his youthful hopes, desires, and frustrations. More than if a boys mind had reconstructed the events of the story for us, this particular way of telling the

Osi Analogy Paper Free Essays

OSI Model Analogy Trevor Crews Strayer University The OSI model is the model developed for computer-to-computer communications over a network. This model breaks down all the functions that occur into seven distinct layers. These layers are, application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, and the physical layer. We will write a custom essay sample on Osi Analogy Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Each one encompasses a specific part of the process that occurs during the communication. In order to simplify this think of it like sending a package through the post office. It can be broken down into seven stages or layers for this example. We start with bringing an item or letter to the post office that is to be sent to a determined destination. This is essentially what happens in the application layer. This is the interface between the communication and the entire process as it is in how a computer works. Next the item is packaged and put into a box or envelope. This is similar to how the presentation layer functions. In this layer the communication is formatted, encrypted, and compressed; basically prepared for sending. Our package is then tagged with tracking information and tagging information that allows us to track it and verify if there are any other packages and if needed what order they go in. This is similar to the session layer. Next our package is put into a sorting device of some kind that sorts things based on size to see if it is able to be sent with other shipments or broken down to be sent different ways if it is to large. This is similar to the transport layer of the OSI model. The similarities go on over the next few layers as well. After packages are sorted they couriers inspect the packages and are given the specific routes they are to take in order to deliver the correct packages to the correct recipients. This represents the network layer in that the connections are established between the computers and the routing is also established. Next the packages are loaded onto the means of their transportation. This can include both truck and plane or whatever other method is needed to ensure delivery. This is how the data link layer works. The information is packaged generally in frames and sent via the proper transmission method via the designated route. The first of this process ends with the drivers getting into to their vehicles and driving towards the destinations with the packages. This is the physical layer in which the transmission takes place. After all this takes place it goes back through the same layers in the reverse order to ensure that everything that has happened was in the correct order and method. For example a package arrives at its destination, it’s then unloaded, inspected to make sure its intact and not damaged, signed for to verify the correct address and recipient, unpacked, and finally read. While the process as a whole can be overwhelmingly complex if it is broken down into layers as the OSI model does it can be viewed a little more simplistically and compared to modern day processes. Such as the post office as I have described. There are also many other similarities that if one looked they could make connections to. Works Cited Dean, T. (2010). CIS 175: Network + Guide to Networks: 2010 Custom Edition (5th Edition). Boston: Cengage Learning. How to cite Osi Analogy Paper, Essays

Business Accounting Manual Business Transactions

Question: Describe about the Business Accounting for Manual Business Transactions. Answer: Introduction There was a time when the all the transactions of the business used to be kept manually. However, huge transformation of technology has taken place in last 30 years and now-a-days, twenty-first century is known as the era of technology. In this era, there is several software which helps to keel all the transactions of a business in a computerized way so that they can be preserved and can be used for further references. Among these various systems, Enterprise Resource Planning, commonly known as ERP, is one of the best systems in the world. The main function of ERP is to keep records of all the accounting transactions as well as other business transaction of an organization (Leon 2014). In todays world, the business operations of a company have become vast with the progress of technology. Companies now-a-days want one centralized system which will record and produce all the activities related to the business. This demand has increased the adoption of ERP system by most of the companies (ERP 2014). There are some industries which use the ERP system a lot. This vast use of ERP has give birth of accounting fraudulent (Brown et al. 2015). This reason has contributed to the development of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 or SOX which protect the investors from this type of accounting fraudulent. The main objective of this report is to identify the reasons for the high use of ERP system. On the other hand, another objective of this study is to explain the reasons and implications of SOX. Sarbanes-Oxley Act Discussion Sarbanes-Oxley Act, commonly known as SOX, is an act for the purpose of corporate governance in the businesses. This act was introduced in the year of 2002 (Hostak et al. 2013). This Act is also known as Corporate and Auditing Accountability and Responsibility Act. The main purpose of this act is to change the mode of financial practices and corporate governance which has caused much fraudulence in various businesses (Li 2014). There are eleven sections in the act which was developed as a reaction of the many corporate and accounting fraudulent like the Enron scandal, the Worldcom scandal and many others (Roy 2015). The bill contains many responsibilities of the board of directors of the public corporations and also contains a list of penalties for various illegal business practices. As per this act, the Security and Exchange commission needs to develop regulations to make sure that the public corporations are complying with this law. The main reason of the enactment of SOX is the increasing number of fraudulent cases in the public sector corporations. The major examples of corporate accounting scandals are the Enron Case, the Tyco International case, the Adelphia case, the Peregrine System case and the Worldcom case (Wisner and Brown 2015). This accounting and corporate governance scandals cost millions of dollars to the investors and stakeholders of these companies. The stock price of these affected companies collapsed as a result of the fraudulent by the board of directors and the auditors of these companies. This total process shook the security markets of the United States. The major eleven elements of SOX are discussed below: The first title is Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. There are nine sections in this title which provides independent rule regarding the audit of public corporations. This section also provides process and procedures to compliance with the audit rules (Li et al. 2015). The second part is about the independence of the external auditors that means to limit the conflict of interests. The third part is about corporate responsibility that refers to the individual responsibility of the executives towards the financial reports. The fourth part states that the financial reports of the companies must include the details of all the financial transaction of the companies. The fifth and sixth part says how to gain the investors confidence. As per the seventh part, the financial reports should be examined by the respective authority for various findings. The eights section provides various guidelines for the corporate and criminal fraud in the public corporations. The ninth section gives rules and regulations to encounter the white collar criminal activities. All the details about the corporate tax returns are given in the tenth part. The last section includes all the penalties of the corporate fraud (Litvak 2014). Implications The SOX rules and regulations have developed to eradicate various fraudulent and criminal activities in various operations of the public sector corporations. On the other hand, the main function of SAP ERP is to record all the transactions of the business so that the internal and external stakeholders can get all the relevant business information (Monk and Wagner 2012). Thus, it can be clearly observed that there is a bog role of SAP ERP in the success of a business. The huge function of SAP ERP in an organization increases the risk of fraudulent and criminal activities in the organization. Hence, the following modifications have been done as per the SOX Act to prevent the fraudulent. As per the act, there will be new function in the SAP that will help to control business assessment in the organization. The condition is that only the internal staffs with higher SAP knowledge can access this system. This modification has been done as per the United States Public Company Accounting Oversight Boards Auditing Standard No. 5. This is a risk based top down approach (Shin, Lee and Park 2013). Another modification is that the SAP ERP will share reduction of cost related immediate results with the external auditors of the companies. This process will help in conducting the IT Audit earlier. The conduction of earlier IT Audits will help to reduce the organizational fraudulent and criminal activities. According to the SOZ Act, the internal auditors need to be trained about the SAP ERP at the time of the implementation of the SAP system in the organization. This process will make the internal auditors to become a SAP ERP expert. Thus, the SAP ERP operations will be audited by both the external and internal auditors. This process will add an extra benefit to the stakeholders of the companies. The modified SAP ERP will have the security control of ITGCs. That means the ITGC security issues can be controlled through the modified SAP system. This process will help in reducing the security related criminal activities of the organizations. These are the major modifications done in the SAP ERP system as per the SOX act. Success and Failure of SAP ERP SAP ERP is one of the best accounting information software in todays world. There are a lot of reasons behind the popularity of SAP ERP software. A large number of companies around the globe starting from small size to big size are implementing SAP ERP system for the smooth running of their business. Now-a-days, the operation of SAP ERP is not only bound in the accounting areas, but also it has operations in all areas of the business. This is one of the general reasons why companies are adopting the SAP ERP technology for their business (Bernroider and Mitlohner 2015). On the other hand, there are companies that have failed to implement the SAP ERP system in their business operations. The name of a company that has successfully implemented the SAP ERP system is GrainCorp Limited. GrainCorp Limited is an Australian company listed in Australia Securities Exchange. This company receives and store grains and other related commodities and provide logistics solution to market these products. The SAP ERP system in GrainCorp has been implemented by UXC Oxygen. The implementation of SAP ERP has given the company the chance to grow worldwide. The company was facing some major problems like to develop technology to expand offshore, integration of the contract management and financial operations and many others. After the successful implementation of SAP ERP system, the company got rid of these challenges. UXC Solution has designed the SAP ERP system as per the requirement of the company. This aspect indicates that the SAP ERP system is flexible and it has the scope for customization. On the other hand, the installation of SAP ERP system does not include a large cost. The com panies can only ad those systems that are required for their business operations. GrainCorp has been benefitted in several ways after the implementation of the SAP ERP. The business process has been improved due to the removal of inefficient double handling. The system has given Graincorp better visibility of the various business operations of the company (Fallon and Polovina 2013). The financial management has become more efficient due to the implementation of SAP ERP. The streamline reporting has made the financial process easy. On the other hand, daily, weekly and monthly processing has been decreased. The most important aspect is the single source of information (Lee, Chen and Yang 2015). This process makes the decision making process easier. There are various diagrams that show the reason for the popularity of SAP ERP. Though there are success stories of SAP ERP implementation, there are also some shocking incidents where the renowned companies failed to successfully implement the SAP ERP system. As a result, the companies had to face millions of dollars (Zeng and Skibniewski 2013). One of such incident is the case of New York Citys City Time Project. The main reason of this fallback is cost overrun and other criminal activities regarding the SAP ERP system. The budget for the total operation was $ 63 million. However, at the end of the project, the cost incurred was $ 760 million which was more than ten times of the estimated budget. The original costs were more than the estimated costs because of the fraudulent. Some of the top level employees of the company were involved in the criminal activity regarding the project. The responsible employees were charged. Thus, it can be observed that the internal reasons are responsible for the SAP ERP failure of this project (Maier, Laumer and Weinert 2015). Conclusion and Recommendation From the above discussion it can be observed that there is a lot of importance of ERP systems in todays diversifying business world. There was a time when ERP systems were only used for the purpose of maintaining the accounting information of the business. However, the scenario has been totally changed today. Now-a-days, ERP systems are used for various purposes of the business that is managing accounting and other information; control the business operation; keeping the records of all business transactions like sales, purchase and others; maintaining the logistics of the business and many others. These are the reasons why businesses all over the world are choosing ERP systems for their businesses. However, it can be seen that there are many fraudulent and criminal activities are taking place in businesses regarding the accounting activities and many various activities of the business. To protect the business from all these fraudulent and criminal activities, Sarbanes-Oxley Act, commonly known as SOX, was introduced in the year of 2002 by the United States Government. The SOX Act is consists of eleven parts and each part consists of many sections. This law provides all the guidelines, rules and regulations to prevent organizational fraudulent and criminal activities regarding the accounting and auditing factors of an organization. As per the guidelines of this law, the SAP ERP system had to be modified to comply with the rules and regulation of this act. It has been seen that there are many companies all over the world have been successful to implement the SAP ERP system. The many features of SAP ERP help to do that for the companies. There are instances of companies that failed to implement SAP ERP for internal problems and fraudulent among the organizational people. Some recommendations are given below based on the whole report: It is recommended that all the ERP system including SAP ERP must comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in order to run the various business operations smoothly. Thus, it is suggested that the ERP systems must be integrated in accordance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. It is recommended that the companies need to determine the budget of the SAP ERP implementation project in an effective way. In case of cost overrun, the company can face a huge amount of loss due to this reason. It is recommended that the companies that have successfully implemented the SAP ERP system need to employ SAP ERP for more operations. This will reduce the dependency on manual system and this process will lead to the minimization of human errors. These are the recommendations and suggestions for this purpose. Thus, it can be concluded that ERP system is becoming an integrated part of business for the purpose of organizational success. References Bernroider, E.W. and Mitlohner, J., 2015. Characteristics of the multiple attribute decision making methodology in enterprise resource planning software decisions.Communications of the IIMA,5(1), p.6. Brown, A.M., Henley, M.G. and Lalonde, C., Ebay Inc., 2015.Identifying fraudulent activities and the perpetrators thereof. U.S. Patent 8,959,637. ERP, B.O., 2014. Enterprise Resource Planning.Sage,2(9), p.4. Fallon, R. and Polovina, S., 2013. REA Analysis of SAP HCM; Some Initial Findings. InCUBIST Workshop(pp. 31-43). Hostak, P., Lys, T., Yang, Y.G. and Carr, E., 2013. An examination of the impact of the SarbanesOxley Act on the attractiveness of US capital markets for foreign firms.Review of Accounting Studies,18(2), pp.522-559. Lee, H., Chen, K.L. and Yang, J., 2015. Teaching enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems in the supply chain management course.Communications of the IIMA,6(3), p.8. Leon, A., 2014.Enterprise resource planning. McGraw-Hill Education. Li, C., Raman, K.K., Sun, L. and Wu, D., 2015. The SOX 404 internal control audit: Key regulatory events.Research in Accounting Regulation,27(2), pp.160-164. Li, X., 2014. The SarbanesOxley act and cross-listed foreign private issuers.Journal of Accounting and Economics,58(1), pp.21-40. Litvak, K., 2014. Defensive Management: Does the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Discourage Corporate Risk-Taking.U. Ill. L. Rev., p.1663. Maier, C., Laumer, S. and Weinert, C., 2015. Enterprise resource planning systems induced stress: a comparative empirical analysis with young and elderly SAP users. InWirtschaftsinformatik(pp. 1391-1406). Monk, E. and Wagner, B., 2012.Concepts in enterprise resource planning. Cengage Learning. Roy, M.N., 2015. Statutory Auditors' Independence in the Context of Corporate Accounting Scandal: A Comparative Study of Enron and Satyam.IUP Journal of Accounting Research Audit Practices,14(2), p.7. Shin, I.H., Lee, M.G. and Park, W., 2013. Implementation of the continuous auditing system in the ERP-based environment.Managerial Auditing Journal,28(7), pp.592-627. Wisner, D.L. and Brown, B.A., 2015. Corporate Toxicity: The WorldCom/MCI Scandal. Zeng, Y. and Skibniewski, M.J., 2013. Risk assessment for enterprise resource planning (ERP) system implementations: a fault tree analysis approach.Enterprise Information Systems,7(3), pp.332-353.

My Poem Essays (148 words) - ModuleMotddata2014,

My Poem I messed up; I made a mistake, But please, haste do not take. I love you more than any action or words could ever express, Still I find my heart drowning in loneliness. I know what I've done, but not why I did it, Yet I don't get why I did this to someone who loved me every minute. You were always there, and I took that for granted, And when you told me we were through my heart grew frantic. I'm miserable without you and mad at myself, 'Cause what I did was lower that the depths of Hell. I have this problem where I think of myself and no on else, And in this case it leaves me by myself. You're the one I should be with, and this you know, And hopefully someday later in life together we will continue to grow. Poetry Essays

Ice Storm of 1998 in Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick

Ice Storm of 1998 in Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick For six days in January 1998, freezing rain coated Ontario, Quebec and New Brunswick with 7-11 cm (3-4 in) of ice. Trees and hydro wires fell and utility poles and transmission towers came down causing massive power outages, some for as long as a month. It was the most expensive natural disaster in Canada. According to Environment Canada, the ice storm of 1998 directly affected more people than any other previous weather event in Canadian history. Date January 5-10, 1998 Location Ontario, Quebec and New Brunswick, Canada Size of the Ice Storm of 1998 The water equivalent of freezing rain, ice pellets, and a little snow was double previous major ice storms.The area covered was massive, extending from Kitchener, Ontario through Quebec to New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, and also covering parts of New York and New England.Most freezing rain lasts for a few hours. In the ice storm of 1998, there were more than 80 hours of freezing rain, nearly double the annual average. Casualties and Damage from the Ice Storm of 1998 28 people died, many from hypothermia.945 people were injured.Over 4 million people in Ontario, Quebec and New Brunswick lost power.About 600,000 people had to leave their homes.130 power transmission towers were destroyed and more than 30,000 utility poles fell.Millions of trees fell, and more continued to break and fall for the rest of the winter.The estimated cost of the ice storm was $5,410,184,000.By June 1998, about 600,000 insurance claims totaling more than $1 billion were filed. Summary of Ice Storm of 1998 Freezing rain started on Monday, January 5, 1998, as Canadians were starting back to work after the Christmas holidays.The storm coated everything in glassy ice, making all forms of transportation treacherous.As the storm continued, layers of ice built up, weighing down power lines and poles, and causing massive power outages.At the height of the ice storm, 57 communities in Ontario and 200 in Quebec declared a disaster. More than 3 million people were without power in Quebec and 1.5 million in Eastern Ontario. About 100,000 people went into shelters.By Thursday, January 8, the military was brought in to help clear debris, provide medical assistance, evacuate residents, and canvass door-to-door to make sure people were safe. They also worked to restore power.Power was restored in most urban areas in a matter of days, but many rural communities suffered for much longer. Three weeks after the beginning of the storm, there were still 700,000 people without power.Farmers were especially hard hit. Nearly a quarter of Canadas dairy cows, a third of the cropland in Quebec and a quarter in Ontario were in the affected areas. Milk processing plants were shut, and about 10 million liters of milk had to be dumped.Much of the sugar bush used by Quebec maple syrup producers were permanently destroyed. It was estimated that it would take 30 to 40 years before syrup production could return to normal.

Regional Transportation Commission of Southern Nevada Research Paper - 1

Regional Transportation Commission of Southern Nevada - Research Paper Example In 50 years from now, the organization wants to accommodate the Southern Nevada region demands of the overall population. The vision shows the way the cultural and strategic organizational values will combine to create the future. The strategic and the cultural values communicate a performance target to the employees. The employees have to work hard to achieve this vision. The company vision initiates implementation strategies; this process builds on values and initiates action to accomplish the vision. The strategies cover numerous factors from developing the organization design to recruiting and training employees who share the values and who carries them out. RTC mission is to identify transportation challenges and explore and implement both short and long-term resolutions while promoting sustainability, improved mobility, air quality improvement, and increased quality of life in Southern Nevada. The mission statement impacts on organizational behavior because it encourages the em ployees and the organization to put it to work. There has to be commitment to the mission statement for the company to be successful. The company has to turn the mission statement into a reality by ensuring that the actual behaviors of the organization match with the mission statement. ... e air quality; researching and developing transit options that are fully-integrated: integrate transit system maps into the regular geographic details; securing funding for operation, expansion and maintenance of routes and systems and; increasing public awareness and support of the organization system. The company’s seeks to maintain long-term, supportive and comprehensive (3-C) transportation planning process. This ensures that transit programs and plans involve public participation and recommendations and conform to the set air quality standards. This strategy influences organizational behavior by creating a competitive environment and putting forward actions to compete successfully. It details the kind of contributions the organization intends to make to the large society. The strategy also involves all individual at all levels of the organization to ensure that there is a recognizable, consistent pattern, which yields a superior capacity over competitors up and down the f irm and across all its activities. The employees normally adopt work behaviors that are consistent with and support the organizations strategy. Strategies usually communicate the priorities that are very significant so that the organization can focus on them–these are priorities that assist the firm to make substantive advancement towards accomplishment of its mission and help the institution in rising from its current position to the place it needs to go over a period of time (Allison & Kaye, 2005). The organization runs the federally authorized planning process for the region and plans the Valley’s roadways and transit infrastructure. The organization offers mass transit that connects throughout Southern Nevada and oversees programs that encourage sustainability. The organization has a

The management accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The management accounting - Essay Example This shift in orientation has brought with it the requirement to induct new practices and upgrade exiting practices. In this endeavour, a change in the orientation of management accounting is required. Rather than just supporting internal processes and providing information for decision making by top management, management accounting has taken a more strategic outlook (Baines and Langfield-Smith, 2003). Management accountant, from just being focused on operational issues have added new responsibilities in their job description. These responsibilities are more strategic and have to do with knowledge regarding customers, financials, human resources, and processes. Thus, management accountants have become strategic accountants in this new and evolved business environment (Dixon, 1998). In reaction to a more pronounced competition, companies have started doing competitor appraisals, changing from its previous practice of internal assessment. A framework for strategic management accountin g, based on contingency theory has been adopted by companies. This framework allows companies to better adapt their internal business processes to fit the underlying variables in the external business environment (Langfield-Smith, 2008). The internal business processes should correspond with factors like the firm’s size, business strategy, and market orientation etch. In order to design business processes in this way, the urge is to use management accounting techniques which have strategic applications, and use the insight of management accountants in strategic decision making. The second point requires giving management accountants a more active role in the strategic management processes (Cinquini and Andrea, 2007). These changes, although very dramatic, are essential to maintain a sustainable business. Businesses from being mechanical have become more organic, making them sensitive to the slightest of change. But in order to maintain a competitive business operation changes in the way things are done is required. The development of commercial management expertise, including marketing, general management and financial management, has become essential (Atkinson, Banker, Kaplan, and Young, 2011). This has given rise to the concept of looking at the business holistically. This concept of looking at the business from a 360-degree viewpoint has given precedence to the build-up of cross-functional teams, team-based structure and horizontal integrations. This new approach has blurred the line between boundaries and has lead to a culture build around information sharing and collective decision making. Firms who believe in this have merged their activities across their supply chain to become more customer and competitor focused (Bisbe, Batista-Foguet, and Chenhall, 2007). As mentioned earlier, management accounting has taken a more strategic outlook, with a focus on strategy, long term future oriented time frame, and an external focus, whereas previously, this focus was more towards internal processes and a short-term time frame. Thus this change is more of a strategic nature rather than of any other reason (Potter, 2005). Consequences of the changes: As highlighted earlier, businesses in order to face the hostile business environment effectively and efficiently have become more nimble and strategic in orientation. Traditional functional departments have been dissolved to form cross functional teams. Functional areas are working keeping in

Global warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Global warming - Essay Example (Nebel and Wright) As the industries produce different things, they burn fuel as a result of which pollution is created. The most common outcome of the burning of fuel is carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is one of the members of the green house gases which include water vapors, nitrous oxide and methane as well. These emissions of carbon dioxide raise the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is measured in ppm (parts per million). Greg Craven book, â€Å"What’s the Worst that could happen?† illustrates the planet as a bath tub and shows carbon inflows and outflows. There, the safe level of carbon dioxide is 350 ppm which we have already crossed in 2009. Although the level of carbon dioxide was as low as 280 ppm before the industrial revolution but it then began to increase at an increasing rate and if we keep going like this, it will reach up to 900 ppm in 2100. The prime source of the dangerous carbon dioxide is burning of fossil fuels. Carbon dioxide emissions are measured in gigatons per year (gtc/yr). Although there are other sources as well which even more carbon dioxide but the emissions are cancelled some way or another, like the oceans emit 10 times more carbon than humans but they also absorb massive amounts of it. These green house gases, when present in the atmosphere, trap the heat coming from the sun which otherwise would have been reflected. This leads to a rise in the temperature of the planet and this rise in the temperature is called global warming. Global warming affects many people, plants and animals and those who are unable to tolerate this change die. Global warming nowadays has become a very big problem as it has many adverse effects on living things and the planet. (Craven) There are a lot of reasons to worry about the global warming; some of them are related to individual human beings and some are related collectively to all of us. First of all global warming is causing the snow levels at the northern hemisphere to fall as the temperature there is increasing as well and causing the ice to melt which causes the sea levels to rise. To begin with, the increase in sea level would only be an inch or two. Even a tiny climb in sea levels may well cause flooding troubles for low-lying coastal areas. On the other hand, if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet were to liquefy and fall down into the sea, it would thrust sea levels up 10 meters, and a lot of coastal areas would wholly fade away beneath the sea. According to IPCC, the sea levels rose about 17 centimeters in the 20th century. People may lose their homes and food sources as a result of these floods. (Strickland and Grabianowski) Global warming can also cause different diseases as the temperature becomes hotter it gives rise to the growth of some bacteria especially to those who cannot survive in colder climates like pathogens. In a study, authors examined how increasing temperatures already are letting insec ts and microorganisms overrun regions where they formerly were barred by ruthless recurring chills. They believed that mosquitoes are moving up mountainsides, spreading sickness amongst animals previously sheltered by temperature. They also discovered some pathogens reproduce more frequently in warmer temperatures, so there are comparatively more germs around, to cause infection. Richard S. Ostfeld, an environmental researcher at the

The Process Of Learning A Musical Instrument Education Essay

The Process Of Learning A Musical Instrument Education Essay The process of learning a musical instrument has changed a lot in the recent years, and it is all thanks to the Internet. Before websites with sufficient information on how to learn have first come to picture, young adepts of the guitar arts could only count on themselves. Finding and learning their favorite song was not just a few clicks away, and using such music software as Guitar Pro was not quite an option as it simply did not exist. The main challenge was to learn the found song using only their hearing and then transcribe it. This learning process involved good aural and transcribing skills and could only be developed by transcribing new songs. At that time books were invaluable source of knowledge. Things look way different now. There are thousands of websites with a variety of materials. But which way of learning would be more beneficial to the learner? This paper will try to examine how the various ways of learning have evolved in the past couple decades and how much influence on them has Internet, and the sources it provides, had. Here are a few examples just to illustrate advantages and disadvantages of the Internet in the learning process: there are a lot of helpful resources such as DVDs, music software, backing tracks, aural tests but on the other hand the vast accessibility poses the danger of treating the Internet as a primary source of knowledge whereas its content can sometimes be misleading because a lot of online tutors lack formal teaching qualifications. Finding information doesnt require any effort and limits the learner to thoughtless consumption of unnecessary data, additionally theres no place for research which is always crucial in the learning process. The Internet also lacks the aspect of an interaction with other musicians which is vital when it comes to developing ones musicality. There are a lot more arguments for and against the Internet as a teaching resource. In my dissertation I will test and analyze these two different learning processes in order to establish how they have evolved si nce the times when Internet teaching resources didnt exist on such a vast scale up until now. INTRODUCTION In this paper, I will discuss and assess how the guitar learning process has evolved over the past 30 years. I will present, analyse and compare two different approaches to learning guitar. For the purpose of this study, the first approach will be referred to as traditional and the second one will be known as modern, e-learning or online learning. It is crucial to understand the difference between the two. The traditional approach to learning guitar mainly dominated in the pre-Internet era of 70s and 80s, when teaching resources were very limited. However, in no way did the restricted availability of teaching materials affect students willingness to explore and learn the new instrument. It was just the specific approach towards knowledge attainment that was very different to the one that we know and are used to nowadays. Therefore my main focus will be on researching the pre-Internet times, which I refer to as the classic rock era, in order to examine and assess the guitar learning methods of that period. The modern approach to learning guitar has first come to the picture with the arrival of the Internet. The Internet revolutionised and reshaped the whole guitar learning model. Unlimited teaching resources (online lessons, videos, instructional DVDs, YouTube, digital sheet music) are just a few clicks away. Students are no longer required to leave their bedrooms to be able to attain musical knowledge. With the vast availability of technologically advanced software and equipment everyone can effortlessly learn an instrument. But is the previous sentence entirely true? Is it possible to learn an instrument and develop ones musicality without interacting with other musicians? Again, I will research the area of the e-learning process in order to determine and assess what effects, if any, it has on modern musicians and to be able to answer the above questions. To briefly summarise, there are two major problems my dissertation will address: The differences between the modern instrument learning process and the one of the classic rock era; By contrasting the two above processes I will decide which one is more beneficial to the learner; Some of the research questions this paper will examine and answer are: How important is it to learn an instrument and develop ones skills and musicality by interacting and playing with other musicians (the traditional approach)? Is the solitary way of attaining knowledge with the help of modern technology and the Internet more supportive in the learning process? Does the social aspect of group learning associated with the traditional approach play an important role in the guitar learning process? To answer these questions I will conduct a sociological analysis of this matter using available books on the importance of team work in the learning process and other necessary sources. This analysis will allow me to understand how the two contrary learning methods work under various social circumstances and will help me to determine which of the studied methods is more valuable to the music student. Furthermore I will conduct a range of adequately structured and in-depth interviews with current tutors who were either educated back in the 70s or in the modern Internet era. It will shed some light on the issues I am concerned with and will help to determine the usefulness of the two tested learning methods. Some exemplary questions I might ask are: Was the lack of teaching resources a discouraging or motivating factor in the guitar learning process?, What kind of research methods did you use to obtain the essential information required for the learning? Additionally I will write a short questionnaire for the current music students, which will be inclusive of simple but interesting questions that will attract the respondents attention. The aim of this survey will be to assess young learners views on the usefulness of the Internet as a teaching tool and to determine how the online learning translates into students ability to function in the real music world. In order to illustrate the aims and objectives of my dissertation, I will answer a few simple questions: Who will benefit from my investigation? My main aim is to determine, by analysing and comparing two well-known instrument learning approaches from two different time periods, how the beginning guitar players can get the most out of guitar lessons. In what sense will they benefit? Firstly I will combine the final dissertation outcomes together, then I will apply these findings to some problems and issues the new student faces while learning an instrument. As a conclusion, I will try to work out the best approach to learning guitar by evaluating the results of my research. In what sense will my contribution add to what is already known? To address the main dissertation question (which of the two learning methods is more beneficial?), I will conduct research that is primarily based on interviews and questionnaires. After collecting and analysing all necessary data, I will compare the significance of my findings against the already existing data and establish how my study can contribute to what is already known. What are the constraints or limitations of the study? The major limitation is the fact that it is nearly impossible to find academic books with sufficient information about guitar learning methods back in the classic rock era, therefore primary data will be collected from interviews with tutors of the 70s. The following paragraph will briefly describe the content of this dissertation: The first chapter will consist of a review of what is already known and of the main problems and issues. It will cover past research and studies from relevant books and magazines. It will also summarise what other researchers have written and published around the topic of my study. Critical judgment will be used here to present my opinions on relevant issues. The second chapter will describe and evaluate methods and techniques of research used for the purpose of this paper. As mentioned before, it will mainly consist of interviews and questionnaires. The reason for using such methods will also be justified in this section. In the third section, a comparative study of two contrary guitar learning processes along with the data obtained in the previous section will be presented. Arguments and counter-arguments will also be contrasted in this chapter. In the fourth section, dissertation findings will be interpreted. The difference between my findings and those of other people will also be presented. The last chapter will consist of a summary of main findings and conclusions. Bibliography will be included. CHAPTER 1 Traditional approach vs. modern approach Traditional approach The first chapter will consist of a review of what is already known and of the main problems and issues. It will cover past research and studies from relevant books and magazines. It will also summarise what other researchers have written and published around the topic of my study. Critical judgment will be used here to present my opinions on relevant issues. There are numerous publications available on the Internet that describe advantages and disadvantages of online and traditional learning, however, its not yet been proved which of the above-mentioned learning methods is more efficient. Although there arent enough findings that would determine superiority, equivalence or non-inferiority of one approach to another, one can argue that the modern approach is not a replacement for the traditional learning process. Undoubtedly, there are countless benefits associated with e-learning; however, there are a few aspects of it that seem to be problematic when put side by side with the traditional learning. What the modern guitar learning process certainly lacks is the ability to facilitate group interactions which are the crucial part of music education. It might be possible, with other branches of knowledge, to eliminate the interactive part of learning but when it comes to music, its highly unlikely for a music student to perform well when the collaborative factor is omitted. It is commonly known that students tend to attain knowledge most effectively when they are given the opportunity to interact with other students. Such interactions among students also help to develop strong group problem solving skills. For that reason, the importance of meeting students learning peers, exchanging ideas and sharing common musical experiences can never be underestimated. In an early stage of musical education, it is always advisable to provide young students with proper guidance from tutors. Carrying out the initial study through the face-to-face approach allows creating more controlled environment for children to be taught in. Of course, it should not be assumed that the more controlled environment and guidance are not achievable through the process of online learning, but the fact, that there is very little control, which a teacher wields on a student, might suggest the superiority of the traditional learning over e-learning. Teachers guidance is there to help students explore their limitations and objectives and also increase their motivation and provide opportunities for students to share their personal learning goals and objectives. While discussing the two tested learning methods, there is another important issue that needs to be taken into consideration. In order to fully engage in any form of Internet-based learning activity, a student must absolutely have a very high motivation. Its mainly due to the fact that the link between a student and a teacher is missing in this type of learning environment. This problem does not seem to occur with the traditional learning process, where a tutors main responsibility is to encourage and reinforce effective study habits of students. Another important aspect of the face-to-face mode, rarely achievable with other learning modes, is the students ability to recognise their strengths and limitations and understand their learning goals and objectives. A further problem, the learner faces while utilising the Internet for educational purposes, is the overwhelming amount of information and knowledge available online in an instant. Accessibility of all imaginable knowledge should predominantly be regarded as an improvement but there are also some evident disadvantages associated with it. For young music students, such vast amount of knowledge and data is simply unmanageable. Indisputably, learners taking first steps in music education need to have well-developed analytical, organisational and learning resources skills in order to be able to filter through and select the right resources for learning. Obviously, the child learning an instrument is not expected to possess such complex skills, so this is why the personal guidance from a tutor or learning peers cannot be substituted with the Internet. Modern approach It is without a doubt that the overall interest in online education has grown tremendously in recent years. However, the question that needs to be asked here is how effective online learning is compared to traditional learning. There are not many findings that could unambiguously answer this question but a very recent study, published in 2009, suggests that online learners perform slightly better than students in traditional face-to-face classrooms (Church 2009). This study was conducted by SRI International for the US Department of Education. It analysed research that compared online and conventional learning at institutions of higher education between 1996 and 2008 (Means 2009). The key finding of this study, as interpreted and presented by Jodi Church (2009) in an article entitled Is online education more effective than traditional learning?, shows that students doing partial or all course work online rank, on average, in the 59th percentile, meaning better than 59% of all those who were scored; whereas students in traditional classrooms ranked in the 50th percentile. While analysing these findings, it can be rightly assumed that traditional learning is not necessarily the best way of maintaining a learning process. For that reason, e-learning models are regarded as good educational models that constantly evolve and improve, offering music students better tools and opportunities to achieve their educational goals. But how can we define a good educational model? A good educational model must be able to provide the student with satisfactory learning environment, in which they are able to think by themselves, to be creative and original, to solve problems and to interact with their surroundings in a collaborative way. With its flexibility, accessibility and convenience; e-learning seems to be the perfect way to develop these objectives (Rashty 2001). Referring to past studies on online learning David Rashty (2001) points out that students have expressed higher satisfaction from the computer-mediated learning, and rated the learning as more effective than in the traditional framework. A further analysis of the modern approach reveals a number of characteristic features of this model, which are superior to traditional learning. These are listed below: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Active learning and its main advantages (Rashty 2001): It requires the learner to be intensely involved in the learning process, which is due to the use of a computer and a physical involvement in gathering and sending information; It requires the learner to be socially and cognitively involved in the learning process, as a direct result of the need to discuss with and respond to other online learners; It enhances and magnifies the attainment of knowledge and requires the learner to be able to organise and analyse the information; It is not time-restricted, so it allows the learner enough time for developing complex concepts and digesting the information; It allows the learner to control the learning process; It allows receiving and processing information at convenient times; It requires learners responsibility and initiative in advancing in the learning process and forwarding knowledge; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Creative thinking as an important element of online learning (Rashty 2001): Online learning (OL) improves the learners ability to seek out gaps in information, to propose, examine and improve ideas and to discuss the results; OL enhances learners creativity by encouraging him/her to take risks and to commit to tasks; OL supports learners curiosity and openness to new ideas; OL enables the learner to freely express himself/herself in an environment that is free from many psychological inhabitations existing in the traditional classroom; OL enhances the learners creative thinking processes by utilising the Internets developing technology and its tools for the purpose of gaining and processing information; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Creative thinking (Rashty 2001): There are various techniques, which have been put to use in learning through the Web which encourage the development of critical thinking. Critical thinking was intended to enable a choice of information, the ability to choose among several solutions, the ability to assess the force of a given argument, and the ability to reach decisions. The critical thinking grows stronger also following use of graphics and hypertext, which refine the hierarchy and logical structure of the concepts on the Web. The process required from the student when searching for information on the Web, which includes defining the query, carrying out the search operation, examining the results and sifting and pinpointing the question, also refines the students critical thinking. Any other operation by which the student identifies main points, searches for cause and effect, finds patterns and relationships between data, creates a timetable, examines costs versus products all these are also actions which refine the students critical thinking. eLearning also includes advantages which are not found in traditional learning, such as: time for digesting the information and responding, enhanced communication among the learners, both as regards quality and as regards urgency, knowledge being acquired and transferred among the learners themselves, the ability to conduct an open discussion, where each learner gets more of an equal standing than in a face-to-face discussion, access to information and to discussion ability, responses may be made around the clock with no restrictions, a higher motivation and involvement in the process on the part of the learners. The very use of technology for learning has been found to have a positive effect on the students commitment to the learning process. Also, use of technology creates a greater commitment on the students part to learning. The following table summarizes several opinions regarding the comparison between traditional learning and eLearning: Traditional Learning eLearning Classroom Discussions The teacher usually talks more than the student The student talks at least as much as or more than the teacher Learning Process The learning is conducted with the whole class participating; there is almost no group or individual study Most of the learning process takes place in groups or by the individual student. Subject Matter The teacher conducts the lesson according to the study program and the existing curriculum The student participates in determining the subject matter; the studying is based on various sources of information, including web data banks and net-experts located by the student. Emphases in the Learning Process The students learn what and not how; the students and the teachers are busy completing the required subject matter quota; the students are not involved in inquiry-based education and in solving problems, but rather in tasks set by the teacher. The students learn how and less what; the learning includes research study which combines searching for and collecting information from web data banks and authorities on the communications network; the learning is better connected to the real world, the subject matter is richer and includes material in different formats. Motivation The students motivation is low, and the subject matter is distant from them. The students motivation is high due to the involvement in matters that are closer to them and to the use of technology. Teachers Role The teacher is the authority The teacher directs the student to the information. Location of Learning The learning takes place within the classroom and the school The learning takes place with no fixed location Lesson Structure The teacher dictates the structure of the lesson and the division of time The structure of the lesson is affected by the group dynamics.

Talk Radio :: essays papers

Talk Radio In Talk Radio, Oliver Stone brings together all venues of filmmaking to capture the story he wants to tell. With tremendous collaboration from the DP, the production designer, the writer, and the performers, Stone calculated a tight, moving film in high style. Beginning with the script, Stone and Bogosian formed a laborious respect in the nature of the piece. They each understood the underlying theme that Barry repeats over and over again. â€Å"If you don’t like it, why don’t you turn it off?† (sic) They went after the build up of Barry’s paranoia and need for voice/attention, knowing all along he would have to die for the film to mean anything. We start the film off in the clutches of its finale; the crazed fan waiting for his prey in smoke. It is only until Barry can recognize the error in his ways that he can be taken from the world to speak louder than any airwave or radio signal. This is wonderfully shown in the voice montage of callers. The idea of the radio station being a safe world unto its own, where no light penetrates and no one from the real world can gain access, is a wonderful metaphor for Barry himself. A loud talking, overly proud shock jock, who cannot afford to let anyone in. The world of the station has no windows, no warm light, and no ties to the ugly city around it. Barry dresses in black, like the studio, which is set in contempo-modern deco blacks and grays. He talks about subjects no one wants to admit is true. We are constantly in shadow, always hearing and watching two different stories, and wondering where it’ll go. Stone keeps us constantly aware of how Barry affects those around him and at the center of attention. Using moving shots, reflection focus pulls, dimming lights, and split diopters we never lose sight of the choices Barry is making and what it’s doing to those around him.